Publication Date

Fall 2025

Abstract

This research centers on the impacts of mass tourism, development, and modernization on the landscape and culture of Bali and investigates regenerative alternatives in agriculture and tourism. Regenerative thinking offers a vision of travel and subsistence that preserves the ecology of the landscape and the integrity of Balinese culture. Organic farming and permaculture principles are traditional agricultural practices in Bali that have existed for generations, imbued with the Tri Hita Karana philosophy of Balinese Hinduism. Agriculture is a facet of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) that transmits ecological and cultural wisdom to future generations about how to relate to the natural world and steward it sustainably. As an emerging trend, the younger generation of Bali are choosing to pursue careers in tourism, instead of continuing this ancestral practice of farming. Yet, the regenerative agriculture movement endures, especially in recent years as many farmers returned back to their ancestral land and began growing organically during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the economy collapsed and tourism shut down. This field study highlights the stories of small-scale farmers in Bali, the changes the landscape and culture has undergone, and the work of regeneration.

Disciplines

Arts and Humanities | Life Sciences | Social and Behavioral Sciences

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