Publication Date
Fall 2025
Abstract
The spread of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis around the world has led to the decline of many species; however, Australian amphibian populations are especially vulnerable to the effects of the fungus. The combination of endemism, small geographical ranges, and a climate that supports fungal growth has led to the presumed extinction of 6 endemic species since the disease was first discovered. In addition to this fungus, amphibians are also facing pressure from the increasing prevalence of wildfires. As wildfires become more common and more destructive, scientists are rushing to find chemicals that aid firefighters in slowing down and reducing the intensity of these fires. In the past, PFAS have been the primary fire retardant for Australian fire brigades; however, after the government banned their use, synthetic and protein-based chemicals have taken their place. Although these newer chemicals claim to be less toxic and environmentally harmful, it is crucial to understand their impact on all parts of the ecosystem.
Here, we examine how three different fire foam chemicals impact Bd by itself, how they impact amphibian cells, and how they impact the infection of Bd in frog cells. We use three different stains to measure cell growth and compare the growth to positive and negative controls. Results indicate that one of the chemicals increases the amount of Bd infecting amphibian cells despite inhibiting the growth of the fungus on its own. Another chemical slows the growth of Bd both on its own and when infecting amphibian cells. This indicates that some fire chemicals may actually be able to protect amphibians from severe infection, while others can put them at increased risk for severe infection. These results open the doors for future research to examine how the chemicals impact the infection of live frogs. Understanding how these chemicals may be able to have a positive impact on amphibian communities in Australia is crucial for protecting these vulnerable species.
Disciplines
Life Sciences
Recommended Citation
Meyers, Naomi, "Contradicting effects of three firefighting chemicals on Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection" (2025). Australia: Rainforest, Reef, and Cultural Ecology. 8.
https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/ase2/8