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San Diego State University

Publication Date

Fall 2023

Program Name

Portugal: Sustainability and Environmental Justice

Abstract

This study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of agricultural systems in the distinct coastal and inland regions of Northern Portugal. Employing key indicators, including soil erosion, nitrogen surplus, irrigation practices, Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and crop yield, the analysis reveals statistically significant disparities and unique challenges in each region. The coastal areas, marked by higher agricultural GDP, exhibit distinct economic dependencies on agriculture, while the inland regions face challenges related to water scarcity, soil erosion, and rural isolation. The looming threat of climate change adds complexity to these dynamics, further highlighting the need for region-specific, sustainable agricultural practices. In the coastal regions, integrated crop-livestock farming, organic farming, and intercropping emerge as strategic choices, aligning with economic robustness. Inland regions require nuanced approaches, addressing water scarcity through improved irrigation efficiency, implementing climate-resilient terrace farming, and fostering resilient farming communities. The study emphasizes a bottom-up approach, considering the advantages, disadvantages, and climatic variations of each region, to establish a foundation for sustainable agriculture in Northern Portugal. While offering valuable insights, the study acknowledges limitations and advocates for ongoing collaboration to refine strategies in response to evolving agricultural landscapes.

Disciplines

Agriculture | Agronomy and Crop Sciences | Climate | Food Security | Soil Science | Sustainability | Water Resource Management

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