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Trinity University

Publication Date

Fall 2023

Program Name

Switzerland: Global Health and Development Policy

Abstract

Climate change is a key driver of an unprecedented global food crisis, exacerbated by rising temperatures and the vulnerability of crop yields. Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly susceptible, and case studies demonstrate the fragility of food systems in the region, leading to severe food insecurity and famine in the face of climate shocks.

There are a variety of health implications, particularly the syndemic relationship between malnutrition and HIV. HIV interacts bidirectionally with malnutrition, creating a vicious cycle of poor clinical outcomes. Expanding access to antiretroviral therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa is hindered by rampant food insecurity, including inadequate food intake, reduced dietary diversity, and compromised treatment adherence for people living with HIV.

Studies show that nutritional interventions positively impact ART adherence and clinical outcomes. Contrasting approaches of aid organizations reveal successes, like UNAIDS, WFP, and PATH, against pitfalls, such as PEPFAR in Mozambique. Despite progress, challenges persist, including the recent focus on climate change resilience, underlying inequalities, and the need for more diversified and climate-resilient nutrition programs.

Mitigation efforts should focus on building resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa's food systems, integrating diversified nutrition support into HIV treatment programs, and collaborative efforts among major aid organizations to effectively address food security and HIV response.

Disciplines

African Studies | Climate | Community Health and Preventive Medicine | Food Security | Health Policy | Virus Diseases

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